Frank Unwin - A Personal Recollection

circa 1975

I was born in Milton Road, Impington on 25 April 1898 in the house on the corner opposite that of the one now occupied by Vic Unwin. When about three years old I was then living in Station Road, Histon and after another two years went to live in the Farm House on the north side of The Green.

At this time Chivers owned the premises and had some eight to twelve giant Shire horses stabled there to work their land going from the top of Mill Lane right through to almost Milton and Landbeach. It was a grand sight to see these horses coming and going from work and they always used the stream running through The Green to wash their great hairy legs as well as the cart wheels. This was my first introduction to farm animals and their uses, which I suppose must have had a great impression on me, later to materialise.

At this juncture there were five of us children and I well remember one of my brothers, rather young at the time, who would always anger father by first of all sitting and eating handfuls of the clay wall which lined one side of the lean-to greenhouse. His other activity was to wander down to the Brook and paddle with his shoes and socks on, but he did eventually learn his lesson when, after repeated scolding, dad just picked him bodily up and threw him into it. Being summertime The Brook was low, but he got quite a ducking and a fright.

One high barn was piled to the top with empty bushel skips, when not wanted for fruit picking and I well recall how a friend and I, finding it unlocked, ventured inside only to touch some of the lower ones which then buried us under a high heap of them, but we eventually got out and nothing was ever said as to why they had collapsed, but we were well frightened.

In the second winter there, scarlet fever was rampant in the village and four of us were isolated for weeks in one bedroom, with only Mother attending to us. I do not forget the skin peeling so that I made pouches on my hands and arms.

Soon afterwards the fire in the bedroom somehow got through to the beam of the living room and it was a case of pouring on water which made a terrible mess downstairs.

c. 1920 High Noon

c. 1885 Frank Unwin’s childhood memories of carts in the Brook, the young chestnut trees and his grandfather Willson’s tree trunks waiting to be sawn (background left)

During the next year or so we had two more small fires indoors and this so worried my father that he decided to build in Impington Lane. One must remember that the house was thatched as were also all the farm buildings with plenty of wooden beams as supports. Just prior to all this we had to witness one of the most terrifying fires on The Green, the burning down of The Green Hill public house and bakery, then occupied by Albert Gawthrop.

The Green (as now) was a most beautiful spot, with a clean running stream through its centre where one could paddle on its sandy and stony bottom, with fish living in it, but then not fouled by factory waste or wild ducks. However there were a few tame ducks always to be seen coming from Mrs Diver and Ikey Diver, a son, who also kept a donkey or pony grazing there. The trees were the same as now but much younger and I would imagine had been planted somewhere around 1870-80, making them now almost a century old.

As to the buildings surrounding The Green, many were very much as they are now, but the Co-op Chemist shop was a storehouse having been built and used firstly as the Methodist Chapel until the new one was built in High Street.

Similarly the old Men’s Institute, now a small factory (currently flats), at the northernmost corner was originally the Baptist Chapel, until the new one was erected by Poplar Road

c. 1910 Histon School – Frank top right

1965 Frank, left, with his brother Charles

The Green has always been recognised as the centre of the village and undoubtedly has grown and spread from this point over the last two centuries, but, previously to this, the real start and growth before this was the surrounds of our two churches which both go back quite a long way. At this time of living on The Green we attended as we became old enough the village school (now St Andrew’s Community Centre) on School Hill and I still remember the names of some of our teachers: Mrs Churchill (Head); Miss Churchill, Miss Sally Todd and Miss Lever. We must have been taught the three R’s pretty well for I did not feel out of things later when I went to the County School in Cambridge.

At this period of time the seasons were very different to now for we had very hard winters but good summers. Much of our clothing was made at home and even our shoes in the village by Bill Bedingfield, but we made a trip with father once a year for our best suits, etc. There were no buses, only a carrier’s cart plying from the next village, Cottenham, unless one took the train to Cambridge and then by horse-drawn tram to the centre at Market Hill; more often than not it was a case of just walking. Whilst we lived on The Green my father’s business grew to such an extent that he was able to build Red House in Impington Lane at a cost of around £500, and although I did not care much for this, as it seemed like leaving the first real playground that I had enjoyed, Impington Lane at that time was a lovely lane of orchards and fields, but few houses. When we moved here with its two acres of open field where sweet peas were grown for the cut flower market, we were surrounded by orchards which ran right through to Cottenham and the other way in Impington to almost Milton and Landbeach. Now my father was breaking into the seed business with breeding new sweet peas and so could afford to send me, along with my elder brother, Charles, to school in Cambridge. We walked the mile to Histon station, then from there up Hills Road to the County. I went there at the age of 11 and stayed for just over four years coming home to work at the age of nearly 16.

I cannot say that I really enjoyed my school although I was perfectly happy and very much enjoyed my introduction into real sport, football, cricket, rugger and running, at which I excelled in the sprints, winning several firsts for my house. These sports were to last only two seasons for I was accidentally shot in the right thigh by one of my friends using a revolver going to school in the train. What a commotion when we pulled into the station. I was loaded on to a stretcher on bicycle wheels and pushed through the town down to Addenbrooke’s Hospital (then Trumpington Street). Here the bullet was removed by a Dr Wherry and after 14 days I came home and then went for a holiday to that friend’s house. I was straight-legged for some months and just got to playing games again before I left school for good. I enjoyed biology (which included gardening) under Dr Dawson for the last six months, when she became ill. I was detailed to take all her classes out of doors. She gave me my first insight into cross-fertilizing flowers, etc. and I became so interested as to help my father, who was then working on culinary peas, and it was from these crosses, made by both of us, which eventually resulted in the breeding of one which became Onward.

I was not at all happy when I left school to come and work at home, for my father wanted me to spend half my time inside and half outside. The very thought of sitting and working inside made me unhappy so I said I would much rather rough it outside in all weathers. He undoubtedly realised how much I was still interested in my Uncle Walter’s farm and so my first winter was spent hand digging a four acre open orchard along with two others. I shall not forget the backache of the first few weeks, but that soon passed and I was not called inside.

During the summer of 1913 my Uncle (Walter) took us to look over a farm which I thought he was intending to buy for himself and I did not realise until sometime later it was not so. We were sitting at tea and my father asked what I had thought to the farm we had looked at and I replied “Oh, all right”. His reply was “Well, it had better be, for I want you to come to the solicitors tomorrow when I am going to buy it and you are going there to farm it”.

My grandfather (James) had at that time sold a milk round and so another Uncle (Arthur) was at a loose end and agreed to come and live with me there at this farm for a couple of years until he found another job. This made me very happy and I was pleased to be going to do a job I had always wanted, but along came the war and although I was exempt, I just ran away and joined up in the Royal Artillery. I was then 17½ and many of my pals had gone, so I suppose I had to be like them. Although I was tall and fairly well made, I had a job passing the doctors on account of my shot leg, which by the way was quite OK except for losing some muscle power which made me play with my left leg at football instead of the right as before. I was fortunate in a friend knowing the Colonel at the Cambridge recruiting office and he gave me a pass to Bury as they had only two vacancies for the RA and I was fortunate in getting one of these, which landed me straight away with some 60 police from the Lowestoft and Yarmouth area. After spending a week at Bury and getting thoroughly lousy from the filthy beds we went to the Midlands depot and then on to Dunfermline, where we stayed for six months in the Signals branch where we had been previously joined by lots of Scots, and policemen at that. After completing training 22 of us were sent to Catterick, my what a camp! However, we were then attached to gunners, etc. and formed into a Battery. After several months’ training as a Battery we were sent right down to the south coast at Lydd for practice on 6 inch field guns.

After a few weeks we were then taken over by officers for practice that we had never seen before, and it turned out that they were there to select a Battery for some special job, and we learned later that we were the chosen crowd and were to become 515 Siege Battery. Soon our new officers arrived and again more practice and their Major in command was no other than Major Gwilliam Lloyd-George. We were taken then up country to Newcastle into the Armstrong-Whitworth yards where we learned that our Battery was just one gun, a 15 inch naval barrel, mounted on rails. This was the same mounting as one found in the largest naval vessels and had an overall first shot range of 43 miles.

We drilled and more or less wasted our time up there for six months, and then we were sent into France to await the arrival of the gun which took another two months to arrive. In the meantime while waiting, and since our billets were cattle trucks on the railway lines, we converted them into good quarters with bunk beds, tables, forms, etc. and were very comfortable. When the gun arrived we were always on the move, anything from 50 – 60 miles behind the front lines, always making our moves at night. Even so, the Jerries used to find us occasionally and bomb us when they could, but luckily we had no direct hits, only near misses. It was now getting towards the end of the war and with the front always shifting it left us very few targets, but those that we did tackle were well and truly smashed. Our shells were of 15 cwt high explosive and left massive craters that several buses could have been lost in. I was very young at this time and suppose I quite enjoyed a lot of my time with a good lot of pals, but was more than pleased to be demobbed in January 1919, a few months before my 21st birthday.

I came home in the middle of the early morning, quite unexpected, and could not make it clear why I could not step into the house until I had taken off every stitch of my clothing in an outhouse (lice!!!). I went to bed and stayed there for 36 hours, as I had had no sleep for much longer than that. After a fortnight and buying my first motor cycle I went back to the farm, coming home for one night at each week-end. I was now happy again with my farming and after another year with my Uncle and Aunt, they left and I had to get a housekeeper. During the early 20’s I was quite fortunate to run the farm without making big losses, for farming in general went through a very lean time and many were completely bankrupt.

In 1927 the seed business had very much expanded in a general way and I was asked to come home and take charge of our farm here and also manage the vegetable, flower and bulb side of the business. This meant pulling up my roots but a much more secure living. This left me open to build my present home in Impington Lane (since demolished) and, at the same time, get married to Ethel.

All went well and I still kept my farm at Needingworth (near St Ives) which I eventually let to a good tenant. But, after three years, I was most unfortunate to suffer the death of my wife. For the next eight years, I once again resorted to living with housekeepers, and, had it not been for being able to throw myself into my business activities, I wonder what would have happened.

During this period our business had grown wonderfully and we had now become general seedsmen as well as supplying all kinds of bulbs in their seasons and sundries. I used to travel all over the country during the late summer, putting up displays of flowers and plants at most of the principal flower shows, rarely being awarded less than a Gold Medal. I had had a hand in producing many novelties such as culinary peas, tomatoes and, lastly gladioli which I specialised in for almost all my life here.

In the autumn of 1939 I married again and have had a wonderful happy life with Hilda and my son Richard.

During this second war I at once joined up with the Royal Observer Corps and served on Post C1 right the way through. It was certainly tough going looking after the business side and the ROC, for the vegetable side of the business became very important nationally. I, along with a few others, formed several allotment societies both here and in the surrounding villages and all but one are still going. After the war many sides of the business had naturally fallen away and so it meant almost starting all over again as egards flower seeds, bulbs, etc. but, within a short time, we were back to our pre-war standard and in fact soon extending and growing once more.

One of the most interesting sides to me was Gladioli Primulinus, which not only we, but most other growers, had lost almost entirely during the war, and it was a case of getting back to those as we had them in the 1930’s. I suppose I was fortunate in having saved just a handful of our hybrids and so could start again with my own hybrids without much searching. However it was not until just into the 1950’s that I could say that I was back on the right lines again and was soon taking premier honours with some of my seedlings. I persisted with breeding and am now happy to say some of my varieties are as good as any Primulinus that have gone before them.

Over the last 20 odd years others of the younger generation have come along and taken up most of the work I used to do, but the difference and shift in selling has, over the past ten years, gone out of the retail trade into the shops. Fortunately, we realised some 16 years ago where this trend was headed and got into that market, so that now by far the bulk of trade is done through the various Agencies, where we have some 24 travellers on the road the year round.

Most of the old retail postal seedsmen have gone and so have their businesses, which have been taken over by the larger groups which are mostly run by the money market. I feel that in this process of the demise of the seedsman as such; much has been lost to the industry, for the only yardstick now is the profit angle and less dedication to the industry as a whole. Such names as Suttons, Carters, Dobbies and Webbs, as well as others have now gone, as far as family businesses were concerned, and to see this is a sad state of progress, if one can call it such.

Most of the enterprise and search for new varieties has been lost in this shift of emphasis by most of those firms, so much so, that reliance is placed on other countries for the developments which take place normally in the trade.

There was much personal contact made by those firms with their customers but this has now mostly gone, for no longer do they serve so many, or show their merit at shows up and down the country, but their name only now survives in the shops and large stores almost countrywide. I am sure that this loss of personal touch, even if only by the postal services, is to be regretted by those that used those services, and can only be regretted not only by seedsmen but by other trades as well.

I used to feel much pride in being able to know so many of our customers, but now they are so remote that one gets that feeling that they are no longer worth remembering as customers but just a means of making a living in some totally different circumstances.